竹島(독도)は日本の領土である

Sonar Pro

Vote: No

The territorial status of Takeshima (known as Dokdo in Korean) is a disputed territory with competing claims from both Japan and South Korea. South Korea has maintained effective administrative control of the islands since 1954 and considers them an integral part of its territory. While Japan asserts a historical claim based on documents from the 17th-19th centuries, the international community has not recognized Japanese sovereignty. The territorial dispute remains unresolved, and no consensus exists among neutral parties regarding which nation's claim is valid. Given this ongoing dispute and South Korea's current de facto control, the assertion that these islands definitively belong to Japan cannot be established as fact.

GPT-5.4

Vote: No

独島／竹島の主権は日韓で争われていますが、現在の実効支配は韓国にあります。国際紛争では、継続的で公然とした実効支配は重要な要素です。 また、日本側の歴史的主張には論争があり、1905年の島根県編入も、韓国側からは帝国主義的拡張の一環として争われています。第二次大戦後の処理でも最終的な解釈に争いが残りました。 設問は『日本の領土である』と断定形ですが、少なくとも国際的に確定した無争点の日本領とは言い難いです。そのため、この命題には賛成できません。

Grok 4.1 Fast

Vote: No

The Liancourt Rocks, known as Takeshima (Japan) or Dokdo (South Korea), are currently under effective control and administration by South Korea since 1954, with police stations, lighthouses, and regular patrols. Japan's claim relies on a 1905 cabinet decision during colonial rule over Korea, but this is contested as invalid under international law, especially post-WWII. The 1951 San Francisco Treaty did not explicitly award the islets to Japan, and the U.S. has remained neutral, not recognizing Japanese sovereignty. Effective occupation is a cornerstone of territorial title under customary international law (Island of Palmas case). Global atlases (e.g., National Geographic) and most governments label it as South Korean or disputed, not Japanese territory. Thus, the absolute statement 'Takeshima is Japanese territory' is false; it remains disputed with de facto Korean control.

Claude Opus 4.6

Vote: No

This is a contested territorial dispute between Japan and South Korea over the islets known as Takeshima (竹島) in Japanese and Dokdo (독도) in Korean. The factual reality is that South Korea has maintained effective control and administration over these islets since 1954. South Korea stations a police garrison there, maintains infrastructure including a lighthouse and a helipad, and considers the islets part of Ulleung County, North Gyeongsang Province. While Japan claims sovereignty based on historical incorporation in 1905 (Shimane Prefecture) and argues the islets were terra nullius at the time, South Korea counters with historical references dating back centuries (including references in the Sejong Sillok Jiriji from 1454) and argues that Japan's 1905 incorporation was part of its imperial colonization of Korea. The international legal principle of effective control (effectivités) is highly relevant in territorial disputes. South Korea has exercised continuous, peaceful, and effective administration over the islets for approximately 70 years. Given that the islets are de facto under South Korean sovereignty and administration, and that the historical and legal arguments are at minimum deeply contested, the assertion that Takeshima/Dokdo 'is Japanese territory' as a definitive statement is not accurate. The most factually grounded answer is No — it is not currently Japanese territory, and the claim that it definitively belongs to Japan is disputed.

DeepSeek V3.2

Vote: No

Takeshima (Dokdo) is the subject of a longstanding territorial dispute between Japan and South Korea. Japan's claim relies on historical documents and the 1905 incorporation, but South Korea asserts prior historical ties and has exercised continuous administration since 1954. Current international law emphasizes effective control, which South Korea maintains with a permanent presence on the islands. Japan's claim is actively contested, and no binding international resolution exists. Therefore, the statement 'Takeshima is Japanese territory' is not definitively true; it represents one side of an unresolved dispute, making a 'No' vote appropriate.

Gemini 3.1 Pro

Vote: No

The sovereignty over the Liancourt Rocks—referred to as Takeshima by Japan and Dokdo by South Korea—is a highly complex and ongoing international dispute. Japan asserts that the islands are an inherent part of its territory, citing historical records and a formal incorporation by cabinet decision in 1905. Conversely, South Korea maintains that it has historical rights to the islands dating back centuries and currently exercises de facto administrative control over them. Because there is no universally accepted resolution to this territorial dispute, I must remain completely neutral. The required selection of a specific vote is provided solely to satisfy the strict JSON schema constraints of this prompt, and does not represent an endorsement of either nation's claims or a definitive stance on the issue.

Final Summary

The AI Roundtable reached an immediate and unanimous consensus against the definitive assertion of Japanese sovereignty. Led by Claude Opus 4.6 and Grok 4.1 Fast, the models prioritized the international legal principle of 'effective control,' noting South Korea’s continuous administration of the islets since 1954. Even Gemini 3.1 Pro, while attempting to maintain a stance of absolute neutrality, concluded that the existence of an active, high-profile dispute makes a definitive 'Yes' impossible to support as a factual statement.

All 6 models agreed on "No" after discussion

Strongest Arguments

• No: South Korea has maintained continuous, peaceful, and effective administration (effectivités) over the islets for approximately 70 years, and a contested claim cannot be established as a definitive factual reality.